Python Set Operators

Python provides several operators and methods to perform common set operations like union, intersection, difference, symmetric difference, subset, superset, and checking disjoint sets. Sets are very useful when you need to handle unique elements and perform mathematical set operations.

Python कई operators और methods प्रदान करता है जो sets पर union, intersection, difference, symmetric difference, subset, superset और disjoint sets जैसी आम set operations करने के लिए उपयोगी हैं। Set का उपयोग तब होता है जब आपको unique elements को संभालना होता है और mathematical set operations करना होता है।

Union: Combine unique elements from both sets

set1 = {1, 2, 3}
set2 = {3, 4, 5}
result = set1.union(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 | set2
print(result2)

The union operation returns all unique elements from both sets. It can be done using union() method or '|' operator.

Union operation दोनों sets के सभी unique elements देता है। इसे union() method या '|' operator से किया जा सकता है।

Output:

Intersection: Common elements in both sets

set1 = {'a', 'b', 'c'}
set2 = {'b', 'c', 'd'}
result = set1.intersection(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 & set2
print(result2)

Intersection gives elements that are present in both sets. It can be done using intersection() method or '&' operator.

Intersection उन elements को देता है जो दोनों sets में मौजूद हैं। इसे intersection() method या '&' operator से किया जा सकता है।

Output:

Difference: Elements in first set but not in second

set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
set2 = {3, 4, 5}
result = set1.difference(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 - set2
print(result2)

Difference returns elements that are in the first set but not in the second. It can be done using difference() method or '-' operator.

Difference पहले set के elements देता है जो दूसरे set में नहीं हैं। इसे difference() method या '-' operator से किया जा सकता है।

Output:

Symmetric Difference: Elements in either set but not both

set1 = {1, 2, 3}
set2 = {3, 4, 5}
result = set1.symmetric_difference(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 ^ set2
print(result2)

Symmetric difference returns elements present in either set but not in both. It can be done using symmetric_difference() or '^' operator.

Symmetric difference उन elements को देता है जो या तो एक set में हैं लेकिन दोनों में नहीं। इसे symmetric_difference() या '^' operator से किया जाता है।

Output:

Subset: Check if first set is subset of second

set1 = {1, 2}
set2 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
result = set1.issubset(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 <= set2
print(result2)

issubset() checks if all elements of the first set are in the second set. '<=' operator also checks subset.

issubset() जांचता है कि पहला set दूसरे set का subset है या नहीं। '<=' operator भी subset जांचता है।

Output:

Superset: Check if first set is superset of second

set1 = {1, 2, 3, 4}
set2 = {2, 3}
result = set1.issuperset(set2)
print(result)

# Using operator
result2 = set1 >= set2
print(result2)

issuperset() checks if first set contains all elements of second. '>=' operator also checks superset.

issuperset() जांचता है कि पहला set दूसरे set के सभी elements को रखता है या नहीं। '>=' operator भी superset जांचता है।

Output:

Disjoint: Check if two sets have no common elements

set1 = {1, 2}
set2 = {3, 4}
result = set1.isdisjoint(set2)
print(result)

isdisjoint() returns True if two sets have no elements in common.

isdisjoint() True लौटाता है अगर दो sets में कोई common element नहीं होता।

Output: